Scientific Publication

Dr. Ali Mohammad Amneef Al-Rafiei, a lecturer at the College of Political Science, Al-Nahrain University, published a research paper titled “Smart Power Trajectories and their Impact on the Future of US Foreign Policy” in the Journal of Political Issues, issued by the college.

The paper examines the growing role of smart power in US decision-making, particularly in foreign policy, to address challenges facing American interests globally. It highlights:

• Soft power’s role in shaping outcomes (e.g., Arab Spring)
• Hard power’s use in military intervention or economic coercion (e.g., Iran)
• Global instability amid Russia-Ukraine and Gaza conflicts